A four square actually functions as a three-element in-line array, not as a two element array. The "center" two elements fed in-phase act as one element, giving the proper 1:2:1 current distribution
I'm assuming you mean the common L, which is vertically polarized. On 160, a wave can penetrate deeper and cut a larger cross-section of earth. Because of that, losses are generally less. The best e
In my experience models tend to fall in line more on 40 meters and up with real-world results, while on 160 results vary the most. Using a model to predict fractions of a dB, or even a couple dB, wh
A practical dipole has a clear transmitting advantage on 40 in most cases because it is easy to make high in terms of the operating wavelength, while a practical Inverted L or vertical has the clear
I'd like to add something we almost always forget. Models are no substitute for real world results. The REASON we have models is the actual system is too complex to consider. While the models are ce
Hi Pete and all, My point is best illustrated by the A-B comparisons of Rick, N6RK, by comments from I4JMY, and by my own experiences. Rick (as I have) has found the losses in verticals not as bad a
The downward force on the pole is the SUM of the weight of the load and the force needed to "pull" down on the rope to lift the load. If you have a 100 pound load the compression on an ideal frictio
AnenneX apparently has apparently become the science of antenna's National Enquirer. I read one article where a fellow claims a two foot rod has 30 ohms of radiation resistance at HF, because of som
I purchase flooded CATV cable direct from the CommScope factory since I buy pallet loads at a time. You might do an internet search for CATV suppliers if you only want a single reel. By the way, Tim
They make terrible lightning rods, and the precipitation static on almost any top mounted antenna will kill the receiver during storms. My personal selection, after much thought, was a DB224E four-d
Certainly it would. You could make one from semi-rigid small diameter coaxial line air wound. There are other choices that would work also. The best is probably a 1/4 wl stub balun, where the coaxia
3dB of transmitting power increase can sound like a major improvement to the other guy when signals are close to noise floor. As a general rule feedline loss, like antenna gain, is unimportant for r
I've seen this done before. If you test for common mode isolation by moving you hand along a cable, most baluns would look very good. Even very poor baluns. The only way to tell if a balun is workin
p is Two or three extra dB does not require a substation when you do it with an amplifier, let alone less feedline loss. As for QRP, I have a different philosophy. I'm impressed by any station who ca
That probably won't work correctly Bill. Think of it this way...the wire coming down to the ground is part of the antenna. If it is 1/8 wl long, the impedance will be very reactive and different tha
The MFJ analyzer measures real and imaginary parts "directly", and also measures SWR directly. It does use SWR and Z to calculate Impedance at very low SWR values. The two different values of R and
We use a large table saw with a carbide blade to cut thick soft metals. It works perfectly on aluminum. We cut a lot of aluminum angle that is 6061T6 3/8th thick, cutting two sides at once. We get n
Table saws and cut-off or miter saws with large carbide tipped coarse tooth blades designed for soft metals work perfectly. Depends on how careless the operator is. The first thing that happens with
Hi Jim and all, I agree as far as grounding to earth, but disagree as far as lightning protection. I'm doing something in a similar situation for a friend of mine right now. One of the main goals in
"All the wiring" obviously includes all the power cables, and that was specifically mentioned. For example, consider a room upstairs far from the service entrance. My solution would be to bring ever