[Amps] "Conventional" current flow

[K9FFK]

Electrons travel from a heated cathode or filament to the anode. Charge 
is a characteristic associated with the electron (much like the color 
blue being associated with sky).

Electron speed in a vacuum tube is approximately equal to the speed of 
light. This speed defines the transit time and thus upper useable 
frequency of the tube.

Nothing travels from anode to cathode. (No protons, no positrons.) 
Residual gas molecules may be ionized and end up at the cathode or the 
anode.

"Holes" are a convenience tool to explain certain characteristics and 
operation of solid state devices. Allowing "holes" to be equal a 
negative thing does not change tube theory. Results are same, same.

OK...flame suit on...

Dick K9FFK


On 12/2/2016 10:52 AM, Mike Waters wrote:
> Thank you for your comments, Al. But in an amplifier's vacuum tubes (as
> Jim, myself, and others discussed earlier in this thread), are charges
> moving from anode to cathode opposite the flow of electrons?
>
> 73, Mike
> www.w0btu.com
>
> On Dec 2, 2016 10:19 AM, "Al Kozakiewicz" <akozak at hourglass.com> wrote:
>> Current is the flow of charges, not particles.  Charges are carried by
> particles such as electrons (negative) or ions (positive), but the particle
> itself is not the charge.  Charges aren't a physical object that has mass
> or occupies space. Just like gravity - it can be measured and its effects
> observed and felt, but you can't point to a gravity object.
>> In the case of electrons it is most definitely NOT like a river. ...
> Actual electrons drift about the conducting medium at rate of something
> like 1 meter per hour. On the other hand the charge is propagated at near
> the speed of light. Negative charges flow one way; positive the other.
>> It adds nothing to the understanding and application of electric circuits
> to change the convention for current flow.
>> Al
>> AB2ZY
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