[CQ-Contest] Ohio is now West Coast - rebuttal

[donovanf at starpower.net]

Hi Ed, 


The first ionospheric reflection point for propagation from 
K3LR and W3LPL to Europe is over Eastern Canada. For high 
angles its located near the U.S border, for low angles it near 
Labrador and Newfoundland . 


There will usually be at least one additional ionospheric reflection 
point, in the North Atlantic west of Ireland. For both reflection 
points and for any specific propagation path to Europe, K3LR's 
ionospheric reflection points are about 200 miles NW of W3LPL's 
reflection points. 


Normally 200 miles wouldn't make much difference, but near 60 
degrees magnetic latitude the difference in MUF is sometimes 
significant. The mid-latitude trough frequently (but not always) 
occurs during darkness near 60 degrees magnetic latitude during 
the fall and winter and sometimes the more southerly reflection 
point will be outside the trough while the more northerly reflection 
point may be in the trough. When this occurs, the MUF will 
degrade earlier in the day for K3LR than for W3LPL. 


You can clearly see the electron depletion caused by the 
mid-latitude trough in this NOAA Total Electron Content forecast 
map: 


http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/ctipe-total-electron-content-forecast 


There is good news: because the mid-latitude trough is mostly a fall 
and winter phenomenon byy late this month (WPX SSB), late afternoon 
and evening propagation across the North Atlantic will be much more 
common on both 15 and 20 meters 


73 
Frank 
W3LPL 

----- Original Message -----

From: "Ed Sawyer" <sawyered at earthlink.net> 
To: donovanf at starpower.net, cq-contest at contesting.com 
Sent: Tuesday, March 1, 2016 9:38:42 PM 
Subject: Re: [CQ-Contest] Ohio is now West Coast - rebuttal 



Frank. Thanks for the knowledge base and I agree with your statements. 



The key for my area, similar to what K3LR experienced last weekend, is the further north reflection point and the MUF and absorption properties of that point heading to EU or JA. That can clearly be 20 or 30 dB of degradation as I can hear it swing up and down on 40, 80, and 160M. Take a pass on a band and hear DL1A 20 or 30dB stronger than the last time 30 mins or an hour earlier. If the conditions are not too brutal, then its not that big a deal. If they are, it’s a game changer. 



How many miles out are you calculating that first reflection point to be? It depends on the angle of radiation that is favoring the day on the band in question. 



Ed N1UR 





From: donovanf at starpower.net [mailto:donovanf at starpower.net] 
Sent: Monday, February 29, 2016 8:16 PM 
To: cq-contest at contesting.com 
Cc: sawyered at earthlink.net 
Subject: Re: [CQ-Contest] Ohio is now West Coast - rebuttal 



Hi Ed, 



The efficiency of a horizontally polarized antenna over salt water 

or a salt marsh improves by one dB or less compared to the same 

antenna over fertile farm soil in a flat (or nearly flat) Fresnel Zone. 

Even desert soil degrades the performance of horizontally polarized 

antennas by only a few dB. 



On the other hand, salt water significantly improves the efficiency 

of vertically polarized antennas particularly at low elevation angles 

but only if most of the antenna's Fresnel Zone is over salt water or 

a salt marsh. Only a few U.S. contesters have vertically polarized 

antennas in or at the edge of a salt marsh or salt water such as 

K1DG (at his Maine QTH), W1KM and K3ZM. 



When K3LR and W3LPL are working Europe, the most important 

factor is the MUF at our first ionospheric reflection points at 

roughly 60 degrees magnetic latitude over eastern Canada. 

Coincidentally 60 degrees magnetic latitude is a region of high 

interest to ionospheric scientists, including PVRC's N3HBX who 

wrote a scientific paper about his research into ionospheric 

behavior at that latitude when he worked at MIT's Haystack 

Observatory researching a well known (to ionospheric scientists) 

phenomenon known as the mid-latitude ionospheric trough or 

simply the Mid-Latitude Trough. 



For any propagation path to Europe, K3LR's ionospheric 

reflection is about 200 miles northwest of W3LPL's reflection 

point in the immediate vicinity of the mid-latitude trough. While 

the trough isn't present every night, it is present very frequently 

and it causes significantly lowering of the MUF over a distance 

of just a few hundred miles to the north as dusk approaches 

eastern Canada. The reduced MUF to Europe steadily becomes 

more severe during the night until the trough suddenly disappears 

as sunrise illuminates the ionosphere as it approaches eastern 

Canada. 



Those interested in exploring this phenomenon can Google 

"mid-latitude trough" and "magnetic latitude" 



73 

Frank 

W3LPL 





_____ 

From: "Ed Sawyer" <sawyered at earthlink.net> 
To: cq-contest at contesting.com 
Sent: Monday, February 29, 2016 5:56:25 PM 
Subject: Re: [CQ-Contest] Ohio is now West Coast - rebuttal 

Arguing the "West Coast" is not NM is no different than calling W1 just W1. 



W1 and W2 are equally as capable in the DX contests to win, it depends on 
where you are in W1 or W2. And the area is not homogenous in capability. 
W1WMU, K8PO, K1DG, K1ZM, and W1KM are all within the Fresnel zone of salt 
water or salt march to EU. There are equally great areas in W2 and all the 
way down to K3ZM's location that define as much a universe within W1, W2, W3 
as NM vs CA. 



As a W1 that is 50 miles from the Canadian border and literally 350 miles in 
the EU direction from salt water, I can tell you that W1 is NOT all the 
same. 



Don't get me wrong, its better to EU than W6/7, but I drool listening to the 
saltwater stations run loud and early just like you do listening to W1 in 
general. There are time when it matters BIG and times when it doesn't 
matter as much. 



K3LR's more northern path to EU vs W3LPL was "just enough" with disturbed 
conditions that I witnessed much further north than them to change the game 
on K3LR. 



Broad brushing conclusions is not a wise idea. 



73 



Ed N1UR 

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