Unless there's some tentec with germanium transistors, it takes 0.6 volts to turn on a silicon transistor. 73, Jerry, K0CQ -- FAQ on WWW: http://www.contesting.com/tentecfaq.htm Submissions: tentec@contesting.com Administrative requests: tentec-REQUEST@contesting.com Problems: owner-tentec@contesting.com Search: http://www.contesting.com/km9p/search.htm