Earlier on this topic I posted a link to Rudy Severn's work on radials, and mentioned subsequently, he had a recent paper in a ham mag. It was not QST as I said, but QEX. Sorry for any confusion on my part. Getting all the printed ham mags has its down side; you can't get all read easily, or read so fast you forget where the article was. -Stuart Rohre K5KVH