Topband: Fwd: radals fer 160m vertcal

[Richard Fry]

Carl KM1H wrote [sic]:

>Ive copied US BCB stations as far inland as Chicago in the far eastern 
>Meditaranean. Id be curious what the propagation mode was and if sky wave 
>how many hops?

It certainly wasn't by their ground/surface wave, but their skywave.

As to how many hops that took, please note that it would take fewer hops to 
produce a useful field intensity downrange for the relatively high fields 
radiated by a vertical monopole at very low elevation angles than for the 
lower fields radiated toward higher elevation angles, which higher angles 
also would require more hops to reach the distant receive site.

Each multi-hop reflection incurs additional loss, so taken together, this 
leads to a conclusion that the best reception results are based on radiation 
from the transmitting antenna at very low elevation angles.