Hi all - Assuming a standard 1/4 wave vertical is 36 ohms - is there any formula that will calculate the Z if the vertical is short and brought to resonance by top loading wires - I understand the Z will be less - but how much by ? I am trying to use the formula on ON4UN disc to calculate the approx LC ratios for a Lahlum-Lewallen phasing system. Thanks Dave g3rcq