I have been fascinated by the discussion of HV DC lines and would be grateful if the following questions could be answered. I beg the indulgence of the moderator for this off-topic topic. 1 How is the HV DC contrived. Generated HV or rectified? 2 Once it reaches the other end, how it is turned back into AC? Motor-generators, really big inverters? 3 What are typical voltage ranges and distances travel led? 4 Do the lines rely on the earth for "return" or do they run + and - ? 73, Tim Colbert K3HX ________________________________________________________________________ Try Juno Platinum for Free! Then, only $9.95/month! Unlimited Internet Access with 1GB of Email Storage. Visit http://www.juno.com/value to sign up today!