TopBand: Some VSWR tests

W4EF mtope@iu.net
Thu, 20 Feb 1997 05:19:59 -0000


	Carl, et al:

Bill's results imply that perhaps his VSWR measuring device wasn't working 
properly. If the meter was correct, then the 1.1:1 measurement would imply 
a load impedance very close to 50 ohms pure resistance (any point on a 50 
ohm Smith Chart impedance circle which is centered at 50 ohms and contains 
the points 45.6 ohms and 55 ohms). Presumably the dummy load had a similar 
impedance, i.e. very close to 50 ohms. If this is the case, then as you 
pointed out, the amp shouldn't know the difference (presumably the amp's 
matching network can take any load impedance inside 1.5:1 or  2:1 VSWR 
circle and transform it into the same optimum plate impedance). One thing 
that comes to mind though is the fact that the antenna is radiating, and 
the dummy load is not (at least not very much). I don't know beans about 
the AL-1500, but I would imagine that is has some kind of ALC circuit. I 
know that given my ignorance of the AL-1500, the following is mere 
speculation, but how about RF in the shack?  I wonder if Bill is running a 
feedline choke on this arrangment. If he has only four elevated radials and 
no feedline choke, then I would expect that there might be some induced 
currents flowing on the shield of the feedline. If this is the case, and 
the RF ground (emphasis on RF) in the shack is poor then perhaps the ALC 
circuit is being affected. An ALC problem would certainly be consistent 
with the 100W of drive not delivering the goods.

73 de Mike, W4EF


----------
From: 	km1h@juno.com[SMTP:km1h@juno.com]
Sent: 	Thursday, February 20, 1997 2:03 AM
To: 	topband@contesting.com
Subject: 	TopBand: Some VSWR tests

It seems that I stirred up a hornets nest with comments about VSWR the
other day. After reading some of the excellent responses and rereading my
own message I see where I wasnt very clear to start with.
Here goes again and I would appreciate any feedback pro or con.

I certainly also agree that at reasonance a 1:1 VSWR is to be expected as
long as the load, the transmission line and the instrument are set at or
designed for the same identical impedence.  But, however, a 35 Ohm
antenna, a 50 Ohm line and a 50 Ohm instrument will not read 1:1 at
reasonance. Neither will a 50 Ohm load, a 75 Ohm line and a 50 Ohm
instrument. I am talking about real transmission lines of at least 1/4
wave, not a short jumper. Have I got it right so far?

Now go back to K4AAA's original message. He started off by stating that
the lowest VSWR at 1830 was 1.7:1. Maybe I made a wrong assumption here
but did it mean that that was the lowest VSWR point on 160M?  Only Bill
can answer that. Does that 1.7:1 indicate a pure resistance of some value
or are reactances involved? Next, he used  a shunt capacitor to obtain a
1.1:1 way up at 1905. Was this at reasonance? I do not think so. Adding
5' of wire to the antenna only brought the 1.1:1 point down 25KHz.
Something is wrong here as only about  1.7' should have been necessary
for 25KHz.  Next Bill added a lumped inductance to the base of the
antenna to bring the 1.1:1 point down to 1830....was this resonance?
Again, I do not believe so based upon his following statement that the
amplifier performed a lot different into the antenna as compared to a
dummy load. So now Bill has an almost perfect VSWR but what does it
really mean?  I think it is time to go back to the original configuration
with a noise bridge and start from there.
 Finally, please note that Bills Ameritron AL-1500 would only load to
1000-1200W with either the original 1.7 or the new 1.1 VSWR. Either that
amp has a severely restricted matching range as a part of its design (Not
specified in the manual) or something out at the antenna is seriously
amiss and the VSWR meter is not telling us what.  Remember, that at 100W
of drive the AL-1500 will easily exceed 2KW out when fully loaded but
here it is limping at half of that.

One other comment is that by simply shifting the matching range of the
amp a slight bit will not make it a one antenna amp. With the proper
selection of components it should work quite well into say a 50 Ohm Inv V
and a 35 Ohm vertical. Shifting the matching range to cover a 2:1 VSWR (
I thought most amps could handle this) should not be a big deal. In my
own installation I simply felt it was easier to bugger the amp rather
than trying to Mickey Mouse and weather proof a matching network dangling
10+ feet in the air from a elevated vertical.....just one mans solution
to one problem.

That will be it for tonight gang, lead me down the righteous path!

Tomorrow I will message the results of an experiment this afternoon with
5 different VSWR meters. I am totally confused now!

73.....Carl  KM1H

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Administrative requests:  topband-REQUEST@contesting.com
Problems:                 owner-topband@contesting.com
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