Topband: D region overionization

[Carl K9LA]

Thomas KN4LF Says:

That's correct, high angle signals were more predominant, especially
during the first night of the contest, as the lower angle signals
usually required for DX contacts, were more readily absorbed by the
overionized "after dark" D layer, due to the numerous solar flares that
occured Saturday morning UTC.
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Hi Thomas,

How much energy does a particle need to get down to the D region to
cause ionization, and did the solar flares over the weekend produce
particles with that much energy?  Just curious, as all flares are not
created equal - there are little ones and BIG ones.

Carl K9LA


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