Topband: buried radials vs radials on the ground

[Pete Smith N4ZR]

I had always understood that because of coupling, radials laid on the 
ground were functionally the same on top-band as those buried a few 
inches. Recently, some experimentation with Beverage on ground antennas 
has me doubting that.

It's been suggested that elevated radials need to be resonated, like 
very low dipoles.  Is that true with radials-on-ground, but with a 
much-different velocity factor?

Trying to relate efforts to results for radials on a tower in thick 
woods, where only radial ON ground are possible, what would be my best 
return on effort deploying, say, 1000 feet of wire?  4 longer elevated 
radials (resonated?) or 10 shorter radials on ground (unresonated).

-- 

73, Pete N4ZR
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