Amps
[Top] [All Lists]

[Amps] Checking 12by7

To: <amps@contesting.com>
Subject: [Amps] Checking 12by7
From: 4z4tl at iarc.org (TL)
Date: Fri Apr 11 11:18:05 2003
Hello all
Is there a way to determine if a 12by7 is operative , out-of-circuit
(resistance checks) ?
Tks in advance, Isaac, 4Z4TL.

http://www.iarc.org/~4z4tl/
ernie@netvision.net.il
4z4tl@iarc.org


----- Original Message -----
From: <amps-request@contesting.com>
To: <amps@contesting.com>
Sent: Friday, April 11, 2003 5:41 AM
Subject: Amps Digest, Vol 4, Issue 14


: Send Amps mailing list submissions to
: amps@contesting.com
:
: To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
: http://lists.contesting.com/mailman/listinfo/amps
: or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
: amps-request@contesting.com
:
: You can reach the person managing the list at
: amps-owner@contesting.com
:
: When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
: than "Re: Contents of Amps digest..."
:
:
: Today's Topics:
:
:    1. Re: GS35B Bias (Ian White, G3SEK)
:    2. PS project (Lynn)
:    3. Re: PS project (Merv Schweigert)
:    4. Socket pin needed  (Merv Schweigert)
:    5. Re: PS project (Bill Coleman  N2BC)
:    6. Re: PS project (Dudley Hurry)
:    7. tubes (carl seyersdahl)
:    8. Re:  (Lynn)
:    9. Re: Re:  (on4kj)
:   10. Re: tubes (Gary Schafer)
:   11. RE: tubes (AA6DX)
:   12. Re: Re:  (Bill Coleman  N2BC)
:   13. Re: Re:  (Doug Hall)
:
:
: ----------------------------------------------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 17:27:20 +0100
: From: "Ian White, G3SEK" <G3SEK@ifwtech.co.uk>
: To: amps@contesting.com
: Subject: Re: [Amps] GS35B Bias
: Message-ID: <DTqKbNCotZl+EAo3@ifwtech.co.uk>
: In-Reply-To: <4.1.20030410144818.009425e0@pop-server.houston.rr.com>
: References: <4.1.20030410144818.009425e0@pop-server.houston.rr.com>
: Content-Type: text/plain;charset=us-ascii;format=flowed
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Precedence: list
: Reply-To: "Ian White, G3SEK" <g3sek@ifwtech.co.uk>
: Message: 1
:
: Ed Stallman wrote:
: >what voltage zener should I us for the GS35B triode in GG, using 4000
volts
: >HV under load to get close to 100 mills bias? I don't remember were I
read
: >it now? but I think 100 mils idling current is what I need?
:
: About 35V. There's a circuit on my site, at
: http://www.ifwtech.co.uk/g3sek/boards/triode/an5-1.0.pdf
: which is probably cheaper than a large zener and gives adjustable
: regulation.
:
: 100mA idling is a bit on the low side; 150mA may give noticeably better
: IMD performance (but even that was originally someone's guess).
:
: --
: 73 from Ian G3SEK         'In Practice' columnist for RadCom (RSGB)
:                             Editor, 'The VHF/UHF DX Book'
: http://www.ifwtech.co.uk/g3sek
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 13:11:17 -0500
: From: Lynn <no9z@soltec.net>
: To: amps@contesting.com
: Subject: [Amps] PS project
: Message-ID: <3E95B3C5.C9A71D8@soltec.net>
: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Message: 2
:
:  Hello all......  I need a little advice on this powersupply project.
:
:   I have almost completed a nice  5000 v   2amp supply using a large
: Wilcox transformer with a capacitive filter.   50uf at 7kv.
:
:    I found out after construction that the Wilcox transformer requires
: a choke input.   The circuit breaker trips  (25amp) when sending a
: cw signal from the radio  (occassionaly).  I believe the output
: impedence
: of the power supply is too low, thus causing excessive current .  It
: appears this happens when the ac cycle is at its peak.
:
:    Is there a solution to this problem where I can still retain the 5kv?
:
: I understand that if a choke is installed in the b+ the output will be
: .9 of the rectified ac instead of 1.3 times the ac supply volts.
:
:    Ideas?
:
: Lynn  NO9Z
:
:
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 08:37:27 -1000
: From: "Merv Schweigert" <kh6jj@mobettah.net>
: To: "Lynn" <no9z@soltec.net>, <amps@contesting.com>
: Subject: Re: [Amps] PS project
: Message-ID: <009401c2ff90$3e223d40$59804b40@compaq>
: References: <3E95B3C5.C9A71D8@soltec.net>
: Content-Type: text/plain;
: charset="iso-8859-1"
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Message: 3
:
:
: >
: >   I have almost completed a nice  5000 v   2amp supply using a large
: > Wilcox transformer with a capacitive filter.   50uf at 7kv.
:
: How much current are you drawing under load ??  5000 v at 2 amps
: (if your drawing that much) is 10KW and a 25 amp breaker is way
: to small.  If your drawing 1 amp its still too small a breaker..
: Merv
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 08:39:32 -1000
: From: "Merv Schweigert" <kh6jj@mobettah.net>
: To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Subject: [Amps] Socket pin needed
: Message-ID: <009801c2ff90$894b9280$59804b40@compaq>
: References: <3E95B3C5.C9A71D8@soltec.net>
: Content-Type: text/plain;
: charset="iso-8859-1"
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Message: 4
:
: I am in dire need of a pin or socket contact for a
: Eimac SK-510 socket.  Have a new socket some
: one removed a pin from.
: Any one have a junker with 1 good contact or
: know where to find one.
: Will pay of course..   thanks  73 Merv K9FD/KH6
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 15:30:28 -0400
: From: "Bill Coleman  N2BC" <n2bc@stny.rr.com>
: To: "Lynn" <no9z@soltec.net>, <amps@contesting.com>
: Subject: Re: [Amps] PS project
: Message-ID: <000a01c2ff97$a7c22ba0$0100a8c0@SERVER>
: References: <3E95B3C5.C9A71D8@soltec.net>
: Content-Type: text/plain;
: charset="iso-8859-1"
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Reply-To: Bill Coleman  N2BC <n2bc@stny.rr.com>
: Message: 5
:
: Lynn.....    What kind of power are you shooting for???    I assume it's
: 240VAC mains, at 25A is SIX KW.   If your efficiency is crap, you're still
: twice the legal limit....   I'm also assuming we're talking about an
amateur
: application.
:
: If indeed you want 5KV @ 2A,  (TEN kilowatts), then you will need a
primary
: breaker of at least 42A - probably 50A - and of course a feed circuit
: capable of that.
:
: Please let us all know when you will be on the air...
: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
: Bill Coleman    N2BC
: http://home.stny.rr.com/n2bc
: ----- Original Message -----
: From: "Lynn" <no9z@soltec.net>
: To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Sent: Thursday, April 10, 2003 2:11 PM
: Subject: [Amps] PS project
:
:
: > Hello all......  I need a little advice on this powersupply project.
: >
: >   I have almost completed a nice  5000 v   2amp supply using a large
: > Wilcox transformer with a capacitive filter.   50uf at 7kv.
: >
: >    I found out after construction that the Wilcox transformer requires
: > a choke input.   The circuit breaker trips  (25amp) when sending a
: > cw signal from the radio  (occassionaly).  I believe the output
: > impedence
: > of the power supply is too low, thus causing excessive current .  It
: > appears this happens when the ac cycle is at its peak.
: >
: >    Is there a solution to this problem where I can still retain the 5kv?
: >
: > I understand that if a choke is installed in the b+ the output will be
: > .9 of the rectified ac instead of 1.3 times the ac supply volts.
: >
: >    Ideas?
: >
: > Lynn  NO9Z
: >
: >
: >
: > _______________________________________________
: > Amps mailing list
: > Amps@contesting.com
: > http://lists.contesting.com/mailman/listinfo/amps
: >
:
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 14:41:22 -0500
: From: "Dudley Hurry" <jhurry@austin.rr.com>
: To: "Lynn" <no9z@soltec.net>, <amps@contesting.com>
: Subject: Re: [Amps] PS project
: Message-ID: <004f01c2ff99$2e889f60$6400a8c0@hurryfamily.net>
: References: <3E95B3C5.C9A71D8@soltec.net>
: Content-Type: text/plain;
: charset="iso-8859-1"
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Message: 6
:
: Lynn,
:
: You did not say if you were using a bridge or full wave rectifier and is
the
: transformer center tapped..    Reason I asked, is that I used a
transformer
: from an old RCA amp, that had a 5650V center tapped .  With a bridge, the
: circuit breaker would trip with about 7000 VDC, I switched to a full wave
: with the center tap for the negative return.   Running this to a cap,
40uf,
: would give me 4000 vdc.  Under full load of 1 amp, the voltage would drop
to
: 3900, with 200K bleeder resistors.   Worked out perfect for the 8877 that
I
: was driving at the time..   I used crossing solid state relays on the
input
: instead of a step-start, and that works perfect...
:
: Just some of my experiences..
:
: Thanks and 73's,
: Dudley
: WA5QPZ
: jhurry@austin.rr.com
:
:
:
:
: ----- Original Message -----
: From: "Lynn" <no9z@soltec.net>
: To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Sent: Thursday, April 10, 2003 1:11 PM
: Subject: [Amps] PS project
:
:
: > Hello all......  I need a little advice on this powersupply project.
: >
: >   I have almost completed a nice  5000 v   2amp supply using a large
: > Wilcox transformer with a capacitive filter.   50uf at 7kv.
: >
: >    I found out after construction that the Wilcox transformer requires
: > a choke input.   The circuit breaker trips  (25amp) when sending a
: > cw signal from the radio  (occassionaly).  I believe the output
: > impedence
: > of the power supply is too low, thus causing excessive current .  It
: > appears this happens when the ac cycle is at its peak.
: >
: >    Is there a solution to this problem where I can still retain the 5kv?
: >
: > I understand that if a choke is installed in the b+ the output will be
: > .9 of the rectified ac instead of 1.3 times the ac supply volts.
: >
: >    Ideas?
: >
: > Lynn  NO9Z
: >
: >
: >
: > _______________________________________________
: > Amps mailing list
: > Amps@contesting.com
: > http://lists.contesting.com/mailman/listinfo/amps
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 16:03:49 -0400
: From: "carl seyersdahl" <carlseye@tampabay.rr.com>
: To: <Amps@contesting.com>
: Subject: [Amps] tubes
: Message-ID: <007801c2ff9c$4eadf6c0$2e2c2041@tampabay.rr.com>
: Content-Type: text/plain;
: charset="iso-8859-1"
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Message: 7
:
:  This is something I should know , but it seems to have   escaped my
memory
: bank. !!
:  I have several 811A's and all of them have oblong shiny spots on the
: plates, and they all glow a dull red under full power in an AL811 amp. Are
: these tubes defective ?? I was running about 70 watts input and about 600
: watts out and all of the tubes show the same symptoms. !!! Thanks for any
: replies.
:  carl / kz5ca       (I g = 90-100 ma.) (Ip 650 +-)
:
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 15:08:34 -0500
: From: Lynn <no9z@soltec.net>
: To: Merv Schweigert <kh6jj@mobettah.net>, amps@contesting.com
: Subject: [Amps] Re:
: Message-ID: <3E95CF42.DC1068@soltec.net>
: References: <3E95B3C5.C9A71D8@soltec.net>
: <009401c2ff90$3e223d40$59804b40@compaq>
: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Message: 8
:
: The problem with the power supply occurs with   a power output of
: around 500 watts.... i.e. less than 600 ma total current ( its a big tube
: with about 20 watts drive)  3cpx5000.
:
: I am using a full wave rectifier with a center tapped  secondary.  50 uf
: of
: capacitance.   The power supply can provide the current and voltage if it
: is turned up slowly.    The issue here is the instant current draw from
: the cw signal.
:
:
: thanks
: Lynn   NO9Z
:
:
:
: Merv Schweigert wrote:
:
: > >
: > >   I have almost completed a nice  5000 v   2amp supply using a large
: > > Wilcox transformer with a capacitive filter.   50uf at 7kv.
: >
: > How much current are you drawing under load ??  5000 v at 2 amps
: > (if your drawing that much) is 10KW and a 25 amp breaker is way
: > to small.  If your drawing 1 amp its still too small a breaker..
: > Merv
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 22:43:07 +0200
: From: "on4kj" <on4kj@skynet.be>
: To: "Lynn" <no9z@soltec.net>, "Merv Schweigert" <kh6jj@mobettah.net>,
:    <amps@contesting.com>
: Subject: Re: [Amps] Re:
: Message-ID: <028b01c2ffa1$ca8f4640$34ca88d9@hermansjos>
: References:
: <3E95B3C5.C9A71D8@soltec.net><009401c2ff90$3e223d40$59804b40@compaq>
: <3E95CF42.DC1068@soltec.net>
: Content-Type: text/plain;
: charset="iso-8859-1"
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Message: 9
:
: And if the quality of the transformer is to high..... What would happen ?
: I think about transformers who were made to meet with vacuum rectifiers
with
: High(er) rho.
:
: Jos on4kj
:
:
: ----- Original Message -----
: From: "Lynn" <no9z@soltec.net>
: To: "Merv Schweigert" <kh6jj@mobettah.net>; <amps@contesting.com>
: Sent: Thursday, April 10, 2003 10:08 PM
: Subject: [Amps] Re:
:
:
: > The problem with the power supply occurs with   a power output of
: > around 500 watts.... i.e. less than 600 ma total current ( its a big
tube
: > with about 20 watts drive)  3cpx5000.
: >
: > I am using a full wave rectifier with a center tapped  secondary.  50 uf
: > of
: > capacitance.   The power supply can provide the current and voltage if
it
: > is turned up slowly.    The issue here is the instant current draw from
: > the cw signal.
: >
: >
: > thanks
: > Lynn   NO9Z
: >
: >
: >
: > Merv Schweigert wrote:
: >
: > > >
: > > >   I have almost completed a nice  5000 v   2amp supply using a large
: > > > Wilcox transformer with a capacitive filter.   50uf at 7kv.
: > >
: > > How much current are you drawing under load ??  5000 v at 2 amps
: > > (if your drawing that much) is 10KW and a 25 amp breaker is way
: > > to small.  If your drawing 1 amp its still too small a breaker..
: > > Merv
: >
: > _______________________________________________
: > Amps mailing list
: > Amps@contesting.com
: > http://lists.contesting.com/mailman/listinfo/amps
: >
:
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 18:11:38 -0400
: From: Gary Schafer <garyschafer@attbi.com>
: To: carl seyersdahl <carlseye@tampabay.rr.com>
: Cc: Amps@contesting.com
: Subject: Re: [Amps] tubes
: Message-ID: <3E95EC1A.5060709@attbi.com>
: References: <007801c2ff9c$4eadf6c0$2e2c2041@tampabay.rr.com>
: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Reply-To: garyschafer@attbi.com
: Message: 10
:
:
:
: carl seyersdahl wrote:
: >  This is something I should know , but it seems to have   escaped my
memory
: > bank. !!
: >  I have several 811A's and all of them have oblong shiny spots on the
: > plates, and they all glow a dull red under full power in an AL811 amp.
Are
: > these tubes defective ?? I was running about 70 watts input and about
600
: > watts out and all of the tubes show the same symptoms. !!! Thanks for
any
: > replies.
: >  carl / kz5ca       (I g = 90-100 ma.) (Ip 650 +-)
: >
: >
:
: Hi Carl,
:
: Yes they are probably going bad. The shiny spots are the start of holes
: being burned in the plates. 811s should never be run with any color at
: all. Also I think that amp has only 3 tubes? If so you should not run
: more than 450 watts out, no matter what the manufacturer tells you. An
: 811A is only good for 150 watts out each. Pushing them harder shortens
: their life.
:
: 73
: Gary  K4FMX
:
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 16:00:26 -0700
: From: "AA6DX" <aa6dx@pacbell.net>
: To: "'carl seyersdahl'" <carlseye@tampabay.rr.com>, <Amps@contesting.com>
: Subject: RE: [Amps] tubes
: Message-ID: <000001c2ffb5$08e67680$7262ce3f@Desk>
: In-Reply-To: <007801c2ff9c$4eadf6c0$2e2c2041@tampabay.rr.com>
: Content-Type: text/plain;
: charset="us-ascii"
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Reply-To: AA6DX@pacbell.net
: Message: 11
:
: Most likely "getter" --- Mark  AA6DX
:
: -----Original Message-----
: From: amps-bounces@contesting.com [mailto:amps-bounces@contesting.com]
: On Behalf Of carl seyersdahl
: Sent: Thursday, April 10, 2003 1:04 PM
: To: Amps@contesting.com
: Subject: [Amps] tubes
:
:  This is something I should know , but it seems to have   escaped my
: memory
: bank. !!
:  I have several 811A's and all of them have oblong shiny spots on the
: plates, and they all glow a dull red under full power in an AL811 amp.
: Are
: these tubes defective ?? I was running about 70 watts input and about
: 600
: watts out and all of the tubes show the same symptoms. !!! Thanks for
: any
: replies.
:  carl / kz5ca       (I g = 90-100 ma.) (Ip 650 +-)
:
:
: _______________________________________________
: Amps mailing list
: Amps@contesting.com
: http://lists.contesting.com/mailman/listinfo/amps
:
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 19:35:39 -0400
: From: "Bill Coleman  N2BC" <n2bc@stny.rr.com>
: To: "Lynn" <no9z@soltec.net>, "Merv Schweigert" <kh6jj@mobettah.net>,
:    <amps@contesting.com>
: Subject: Re: [Amps] Re:
: Message-ID: <001b01c2ffb9$e5897a20$0100a8c0@SERVER>
: References:
: <3E95B3C5.C9A71D8@soltec.net><009401c2ff90$3e223d40$59804b40@compaq>
: <3E95CF42.DC1068@soltec.net>
: Content-Type: text/plain;
: charset="iso-8859-1"
: MIME-Version: 1.0
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Reply-To: Bill Coleman  N2BC <n2bc@stny.rr.com>
: Message: 12
:
: Lynn,   5KV @ 600mA is 3KW input.   If you're only getting 500W out, I
would
: suspect something amiss in the tank circuit.   I'd expect 1500W to 1800W
out
: with 3000W in.
:
: Just had a thought....   You say 20W drive,  which seems low for that
: monster tube, but.... I wonder if you are driving it with an ICOM?    Some
: of the ICOMs are (in)famous for a full power spike even when cranked down
to
: QRP levels.  I don't know which ICOMs - someone could jump in with that.
:
: Bill
: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
: Bill Coleman    N2BC
: http://home.stny.rr.com/n2bc
: ----- Original Message -----
: From: "Lynn" <no9z@soltec.net>
: To: "Merv Schweigert" <kh6jj@mobettah.net>; <amps@contesting.com>
: Sent: Thursday, April 10, 2003 4:08 PM
: Subject: [Amps] Re:
:
:
: > The problem with the power supply occurs with   a power output of
: > around 500 watts.... i.e. less than 600 ma total current ( its a big
tube
: > with about 20 watts drive)  3cpx5000.
: >
: > I am using a full wave rectifier with a center tapped  secondary.  50 uf
: > of
: > capacitance.   The power supply can provide the current and voltage if
it
: > is turned up slowly.    The issue here is the instant current draw from
: > the cw signal.
: >
: >
: > thanks
: > Lynn   NO9Z
: >
: >
: >
: > Merv Schweigert wrote:
: >
: > > >
: > > >   I have almost completed a nice  5000 v   2amp supply using a large
: > > > Wilcox transformer with a capacitive filter.   50uf at 7kv.
: > >
: > > How much current are you drawing under load ??  5000 v at 2 amps
: > > (if your drawing that much) is 10KW and a 25 amp breaker is way
: > > to small.  If your drawing 1 amp its still too small a breaker..
: > > Merv
: >
: > _______________________________________________
: > Amps mailing list
: > Amps@contesting.com
: > http://lists.contesting.com/mailman/listinfo/amps
: >
:
:
: ------------------------------
:
To: <amps@contesting.com>
: Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 19:41:00 -0400
: From: Doug Hall <doug@nc.rr.com>
: To: Lynn <no9z@soltec.net>
: Cc: amps@contesting.com
: Subject: Re: [Amps] Re:
: Message-ID: <E2A9FB9F-6BAD-11D7-BACC-00039379872E@nc.rr.com>
: In-Reply-To: <3E95CF42.DC1068@soltec.net>
: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed
: MIME-Version: 1.0 (Apple Message framework v551)
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: Precedence: list
: Message: 13
:
:
: Is it possible that your transceiver is overshooting on key down? Many
: transceivers will briefly put out 100w or more for a short period of
: time even when the power level is turned down.
: 73,
: Doug, K4DSP
:
: On Thursday, April 10, 2003, at 04:08 PM, Lynn wrote:
:
: > The problem with the power supply occurs with   a power output of
: > around 500 watts.... i.e. less than 600 ma total current ( its a big
: > tube
: > with about 20 watts drive)  3cpx5000.
: >
: > I am using a full wave rectifier with a center tapped  secondary.  50
: > uf
: > of
: > capacitance.   The power supply can provide the current and voltage if
: > it
: > is turned up slowly.    The issue here is the instant current draw from
: > the cw signal.
: >
: >
: > thanks
: > Lynn   NO9Z
: >
: >
: >
: > Merv Schweigert wrote:
: >
: >>>
: >>>   I have almost completed a nice  5000 v   2amp supply using a large
: >>> Wilcox transformer with a capacitive filter.   50uf at 7kv.
: >>
: >> How much current are you drawing under load ??  5000 v at 2 amps
: >> (if your drawing that much) is 10KW and a 25 amp breaker is way
: >> to small.  If your drawing 1 amp its still too small a breaker..
: >> Merv
: >
: > _______________________________________________
: > Amps mailing list
: > Amps@contesting.com
: > http://lists.contesting.com/mailman/listinfo/amps
: >
:
: ------------------------------
:
: _______________________________________________
: Amps mailing list
: Amps@contesting.com
: http://lists.contesting.com/mailman/listinfo/amps
:
:
: End of Amps Digest, Vol 4, Issue 14
: ***********************************

<Prev in Thread] Current Thread [Next in Thread>